In view of these dramatic changes, the head and neck pathology journal leadership are particularly pleased to bring together an international panel of experts in salivary gland pathology as contributors to this special issue. Most are found in the lining of the lips, the tongue, and the roof of the mouth, as well as inside the cheeks, nose, sinuses, and larynx voice box. When its helpful tumor stain result mucoepidermoid carcinoma mucicarmine intracytoplasmic mucin oncocytomacarcinoma ptah mitochondria acinic cell carcinoma pasd zymogen cytoplasmic granules. The fine anatomical and histological details will be covered in. The cytopathology of the salivary glands is covered in the head and neck cytopathology article. Most salivary gland tumors are noncancerous benign. Be able to identify striated ducts of the salivary gland at the light and electron microscope level and correlate the structural features of the constituent cells to the. An approach to the why is salivary gland pathology. Head and neck cytopathology is a small part of cytopathology. Salivary gland pathology suny downstate department of surgery. Malignant sgts represent 6% of head and neck cancers and 0.
Understand the advantages of a fine needle aspiration biopsy of a salivary gland over a frozen section iv. Salivary glands definition, function and location biology. A couple of the newer topics in salivary gland pathology will also be discussed. Evaluation of patients with suspected salivary gland disorders figure 1. To date, no definitive therapeutic approach can compensate the impairment of salivary glands, and treatment are purely symptomatic. Immunohistochemical analysis of salivary gland tumors. It also provides some overview of less frequently dealt with areas of salivary gland pathology. The higher tissue contrast of mri, when compared to ct, enables subtle differences in soft tissues to be demonstrated. Pdf download salivary gland pathology free unquote books. Salivary glands are essential structures in the oral cavity. Physiology, pathology and regeneration of salivary glands. Salivary gland pathology book also available for read online, mobi, docx and mobile and kindle reading.
Be able to identify parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands on the basis of histological appearance and by the types of secretion produced by each gland. A salivary gland is a tissue in our mouths that expels saliva. Written by wellestablished clinicians, educators, and researchers in oral and maxillofacial surgery, this book brings together information on the etiology, diagnosis, and. Gadolinium contrast enhanced mri further and accen tuates the soft tissue contrast. This is the most common salivary gland disorder of dogs.
Malignant salivary gland tumours represent about 5% of all head and neck cancers, with a slight predominance in men 54,55. Ent surgeons excise them if a malignancy is suspected. A high ki67 index remains the most useful marker to predict adverse outcome in salivary gland carcinoma. Each day, our glands produce as much as a quart of saliva. Salivary gland disease an overview sciencedirect topics. Histopathology of the salivary glands springerlink. The anatomy and physiology of salivary glands benefits of saliva is that it is easily available for noninvasive collection and analysis. This book is a comprehensive guide to salivary gland pathology that illustrates almost every type of salivary gland tumor and will assist greatly in routine diagnostic work. The presence of saliva is vital to the maintenance of healthy hard teeth and soft mucosa oral tissues. Berezowski that illustrates the diagnostic challenges presented by a variant of acinic cell carcinoma in cytologic material. Although any of the salivary glands may be affected, the ducts of the sublingual and mandibular glands are involved most commonly.
Case 1 32 yo male with episodic pain and swelling from his left upper neck for several years enlarged, nontender left submandibular gland and surrounding lymphadenopathy. It is located below the external acoustic meatus between the ramus of the mandible and the ster. Nonneoplastic lesions, benign epithelial tumors, malignant epithelial tumors, and nonepithelial and secondary tumors are all covered in detail, and the who and tnm. Salivary gland tumors symptoms and causes mayo clinic. Diagnosis and management offers comprehensive coverage of all aspects of this topic. Discuss some newer concepts in salivary gland pathology. As exocrine glands, they expel saliva into our mouths by way of ducts. Salivary gland, sublingual, duct hyperplasia in a male f344n rat from a chronic study higher magnification of figure 5. Salivary glands anatomy and function the horse has paired parotid, mandibular and polystomatic sublingual salivary glands. Atlas of salivary gland pathology focuses on the diagnostic approach to salivary gland neoplasiaone of the more challenging fields within surgical pathologyemphasizing the need to understand downstream implications with respect to patient surveillance and. A pictorial essay taneja a1, sachdev is2, sethi s3, garga uc4 abstract the major salivary glands are parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands.
It can be used to monitor the presence and levels of hormones, drugs, antibodies, microorganisms and ions. The parotid gland is the largest of all the salivary glands and weighs about 1530 g. The parotid gland pg is mainly composed of serous acinisecreting. Salivary gland pathology wiley online books wiley online library. Usually parotid gland mass, also submandibular gland or minor salivary glands mean age 60 years 20% associated with radiation therapy or radiation exposure rarely bilateral, multiple rarely synchronous with warthin tumor or carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma may occur in trisomy 7. Pathology invasioninfiltration into salivary gland tissue, soft tissue, nerves and vessels same patterns and growth as basal cell adenoma foci of squamous metaplasia nuclear atypia usually minimal mitotic index usually low same immunohistochemistry as basal cell adenoma. The three most common sites of involvement for salivarygland neoplasms are the parotid and sub mandibular glands and the minor salivary glands of the palate. Salivary gland pathology an overview sciencedirect topics. Salivary glands anatomy memorial sloan kettering cancer center. Specimen to charge code rapid finder list specimencpt cribsheet march 2011.
The parotid gland is located in front of the ear, and it secretes its mostly serous saliva via the parotid duct stenson duct. An introduction to cytopathology is in the cytopathology article. The aetiology of the salivary gland tumour is mainly described by the multicellular theory, by which each cell type can give rise to a. Salivary gland disease necrotizing sialometaplasia ns is a benign, selflimited, reactive inflammatory process involving minor mucoserous salivary glands. Basic salivary gland pathology basic salivary gland pathology. There are three paired major salivary glands in humans the parotid glands, the submandibular glands, and the sublingual glands, and about 800 minor salivary glands in the mucosa of the mouth. There is an increase in the number of ductal profiles within the gland. This textbook is designed with the needs of practicing surgical pathologists and pathologistsintraining in mind, providing a comprehensive. An introduction to cytopathology is in the cytopathology article salivary gland cytopathology and salivary gland cytology redirect to here. This chapter will provide an overview of the functions of saliva, the anatomy and. Many other noncancerous conditions may lead to a swollen salivary gland, including an infection or a stone in a salivary gland duct.
Diagnostic imaging of salivary gland pathology salivary. Oct 26, 2018 having a lump or an area of swelling near your salivary gland is the most common sign of a salivary gland tumor, but it doesnt mean you have cancer. This could be particularly important for aggressive salivary gland tumors, such as salivary duct carcinoma sdc. Imaging has an important role to play in detection, diagnosis, aiding biopsy and differentiating benign from malignant pathology. Unlike the major salivary glands, these glands are too small to be seen without a microscope. D have developed a special issue on salivary gland. Originally presented on february 11, 2016 in salt lake city, utah. Basic salivary gland pathology 1 basic salivary gland pathology jennifer l. Imaging has an important role to play in detection, diagnosis, aiding biopsy and. However, they are more likely to be cancerous than benign. Download salivary gland pathology in pdf and epub formats for free.
In the application of immunohistochemistry, cd117 can aid in highlighting the luminal cell component of various salivary gland tumours, whereas p63 or maspin can aid in highlighting the abluminal cell component. Over the past few decades, salivary gland tumor pathology has evolved. Apr 15, 2020 magnetic resonance imaging represents imaging technology with great promise in characterizing salivary gland pathology. Aug 26, 2019 malignant salivary gland tumours represent about 5% of all head and neck cancers, with a slight predominance in men 54,55. A salivary mucocele or sialocele is an accumulation of saliva in the submucosal or subcutaneous tissues after damage to the salivary duct or gland capsule. Salivary gland pathology suny downstate medical center. Update in salivary gland pathology arup university of utah. Atlas of salivary gland pathology focuses on the diagnostic approach to salivary gland neoplasiaone of the more challenging fields within surgical pathologyemphasizing the need to understand downstream implications with respect to patient surveillance and treatment. Clear and comprehensive, the textbook and color atlas of salivary gland pathology offers complete explanation of all points, supported by a wealth of clinical and surgical illustrations to allow the reader to gain insight into every facet of each pathology and its diagnosis and treatment. However, you should know the locations and characteristics of the salivary glands. Physiology, pathology and regeneration of salivary glands mdpi. Atlas of salivary gland pathology pdf surgical pathologists play a central role in patient surveillance and treatment by surgeons, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists. Enlarged, nontender left submandibular gland and surrounding. The salivary gland pathology in these cases was similar to that of the patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca described by henrik sjogren.
Written by wellestablished clinicians, educators, and researchers in oral and maxillofacial surgery, this book brings together information on the etiology. Still in the us, carcinomas of the major salivary glands comprise 11% of oropharyngeal neoplasms. Salivary glands, therefore, represent a major player in the maintenance of oral homeostasis and their study might shed light in more general disorders such as cancer, inflammation and healing upon mechanical traumas. Immunohistochemistry is a useful tool for diagnosing salivary gland and head and neck tumors. One duct is dilated and has an increased number of epithelial cells arrow. Review and updates of immunohistochemistry in selected. A 35 year old hiv positive female presents with slow bilateral.
Know the relative sensitivity and specificity of a fine needle aspiration biopsy of salivary gland lesions vi. This will include discussion on the recently described entity mammary analogue secretory carcinoma and the concept of high grade transformation in salivary gland carcinomas. Although salivary gland tumors are uncommon overall, their histopathologic diversity and challenge command the attention of practicing surgical pathologists. Jan 22, 2014 n n n among salivary gland neoplasms, 80% arise in the parotid glands, 1015% arise in the submandibular glands, and the remainder occur in the sublingual and minor salivary glands the most common tumor of the parotid gland is the pleomorphic adenoma, which represents about 60% of all parotid neoplasms. Pdf salivary gland pathology development of salivary. The presence of formidable histologic mimicry in salivary gland neoplasia is welldocumented in the pathology literature and has also been observed in the consultation practice of the volume editor.
A variety of diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, infections and physical traumas, can alter the functionality of these glands, greatly impacting the quality of life of patients. The aetiology of the salivary gland tumour is mainly described by the multicellular theory, by which each cell type can give rise to a specific type of tumour table 1 56,57,58,59,60. Salivary gland diseases sgd are multiple and varied in cause. Selected salivary gland and head and neck tumors shaobo zhu, md. Pathology of the salivary glands and esophagus 16dec2003 p. This includes recognition of newly defined entities as well as reclassification of other salivary gland tumors. Salivary glands, pathology, surgical, salivary glands, salivary glands. Salivary gland anatomy n parotid gland n submandibular gland n sublingual gland n minor glands it is not our intent to cover anatomy during this course. Salivary glands anatomy memorial sloan kettering cancer. Beginning with the embryology, anatomy and physiology of the salivary glands, the first section of the book discusses radiographic imaging, infections, cystic conditions, sialoadenitis and sialolithiasis, and systemic diseases. You can feel your salivary glands activate when you eat something really sweet. Because sjogrens patients were mostly middleaged women, morgan and castleman reasoned that mikulicz disease was a subset of sjogrens syndrome but with incomplete clinical manifestations. Saliva is a mixture of water, mucus, antibacterial substances, and. Update in salivary gland pathology university of utah.
Salivary ductal epithelial atypia with rare intraepithelial and intraacinar lymphocytes 5. Salivary gland tumors sgts are rare neoplasms accounting for 0. Surgical pathology of the salivary glands internet archive. The development of genetic tests have shown that some salivary gland tumors have genetic abnormalities which are specific to a histologic type such as mect1maml2 gene fusion in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and. Thyroid cytopathology is dealt with in the thyroid cytopathology article. The fine anatomical and histological details will be covered in other courses. Know the primary indication for fine needle aspiration of a salivary gland v. It also contains the secretions of the minor salivary glands, of which there are hundreds contained within the submucosa of the oral mucosa and some gingival crevicular fluid. Diagnosis and management, second edition, updates the landmark text in this important discipline within oral and maxillofacial surgery, otolaryngologyhead and neck surgery, and general surgery. Salivary disorders in small animals merck veterinary manual. Tumors arising in the minor salivary glands are rare. This article will focus on some of the new advances in salivary gland tumor pathology that have a potential for clinical impact.
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